OkuyisisekeloIulwaziAngoMthombo weTrevi:

IUmthombo weTrevi(IsiNtaliyane: I-Fontana di Trevi) ingumthombo wekhulu le-18 esifundeni sase-Trevi e-Rome, e-Italy, eyaklanywa umdwebi wamapulani wase-Italy u-Nicola Salvi futhi yaqedwa ngu-Giuseppe Pannini et al. Umthombo omkhulu ukala cishe amafidi angama-85 (amamitha angu-26) ukuphakama namamitha angu-160 (amamitha angu-49) ububanzi. Enkabeni yawo kunesithombe sikankulunkulu wolwandle, emi phezu kwenqola edonswa ihhashi lasolwandle, ephelezelwa uTriton. Lo mthombo ubuye ube nezithombe zenala nempilo. Amanzi awo aphuma emseleni wasendulo obizwa ngokuthi i-Acqua Vergine, osekunesikhathi eside ebhekwa njengamanzi athambile futhi anambitheka kakhulu eRoma. Kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka imiphongolo yayo ilethwa eVatican masonto onke. Nokho, amanzi manje awasenakuphuzwa.

I-Trevi Fountain itholakala esifundeni sase-Trevi e-Rome, eduze ne-Palazzo Poli. Umthombo wangaphambili esizeni wabhidlizwa ngekhulu le-17, kwathi ngo-1732 uNicola Salvi wawina umncintiswano wokuklama umthombo omusha. Indalo yakhe iwumbukwane wezwe. Umqondo wokuhlanganisa i-facade yesigodlo nomthombo wavela kuphrojekthi ka-Pietro da Cortona, kodwa ubuhle be-Arc de Triomphe emaphakathi nezibalo zayo zezinganekwane nezingokomfanekiso, ukwakheka kwamadwala emvelo namanzi agelezayo kungokaSalvi. Umthombo weTrevi wathatha iminyaka engaba ngu-30 ukuqedwa, futhi ukuqedwa kwawo kwenganyelwe ngo-1762 nguGiuseppe Pannini, owayeluguqule kancane uhlelo lokuqala ngemva kokushona kukaSalvi ngo-1751.

Yini Ekhethekile Kangaka Ngomthombo We-Trevi?

Enye yezindawo ezinkulu ezibukwayo eRoma, iTrevi Fountain, engamamitha angama-26 ukuphakama namamitha angama-49 ububanzi, iyindawo okufanele uyibone edolobheni. I-Trevi Fountain idume ngomsebenzi wayo wobuciko oyinkimbinkimbi ohlotshiswe ngesitayela se-Baroque, ocebile ngomlando nemininingwane. Njengesinye sezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu ezikhona, sibonisa amakhono obuciko asendulo aseRoma. Kungumthombo wamanzi wasendulo osanda kubuyiselwa futhi wahlanzwa yindlu yemfashini kanokusho iFendi. Obunye bobufakazi obuhle kakhulu bobuciko bamaRoma asendulo. Njengomthombo odume kakhulu emhlabeni, lolu phawu lwendawo luneminyaka engu-10,000 futhi kufanele ukuvakashelwa eRoma. Izivakashi ezivele kumafilimu amaningi, imisebenzi yobuciko nezincwadi zithutheleka kulo msebenzi wobuciko be-Baroque othandwa kakhulu wekhulu le-18 ukuthola ithuba lokubuka imininingwane emangalisayo nobuhle obuphelele onabo.

Umsuka weTrevi Fountain:

Isakhiwo seTrevi Fountain sakhiwe phezu komthombo wamanzi wakudala osuvele ukhona, owakhiwa ngezikhathi zamaRoma ngo-19 BC. Isakhiwo simiswe phakathi nendawo, simakwe ekuhlanganeni kwemigwaqo emithathu emikhulu. Igama elithi "Trevi" livela kule ndawo futhi lisho "Umthombo Wemigwaqo Emithathu". Njengoba idolobha likhula, umthombo wawukhona kwaze kwaba ngu-1629, lapho uPapa Urban VIII ecabanga ukuthi umthombo wasendulo wawungemkhulu ngokwanele futhi wayala ukuba kuqale ukulungiswa. Wathuma uGian Lorenzo Bernini odumile ukuba aklame lo mthombo, futhi wakha imidwebo eminingi yemibono yakhe, kodwa ngeshwa iphrojekthi yamiswa ngenxa yokushona kukaPapa Urban VIII. Lo msebenzi awuzange uqalwe kabusha kwaze kwaba yiminyaka eyikhulu kamuva, lapho umakhi uNicola Salvi abelwa ukuba aklame lo mthombo. Esebenzisa imidwebo yokuqala kaBernini ukuze enze umsebenzi osuphelile, uSalvi wathatha iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-30 ukuqeda, futhi umkhiqizo wokugcina woMthombo weTrevi waqedwa ngo-1762.

Inani Lobuciko:

Okwenza lo mthombo ubaluleke kangaka umsebenzi wobuciko omangalisayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo. Umthombo nemifanekiso yawo yenziwe ngetshe le-travertine elimhlophe elimsulwa, into efanayo okwakhiwe ngayo iColosseum. Isihloko somthombo sithi “ukulawula amanzi” futhi umfanekiso ngamunye ufanekisela isici esibalulekile sedolobha. Isakhiwo esimaphakathi yiPoseidon, ebonakala imi phezu kwenqola etshuza ngamahhashi olwandle. Ngaphezu kwe-Oceanus, kunezinye izithombe ezibalulekile, ngasinye simelela izici ezithile ezifana nenala nempilo.

Indaba Enhle YoMthombo

Noma ngabe wazi kangakanani ngalo mthombo, singaqagela ukuthi uzokwazi isiko lezinhlamvu zemali. Iba ngomunye wezivakashi ezaziwa kakhulu kulo lonke elaseRome. Umkhosi udinga izivakashi ukuthi zithathe uhlamvu lwemali, zifulathele umthombo, futhi ziphonse uhlamvu lwemali emthonjeni phezu kwamahlombe azo. Inganekwane ithi uma uphonsa uhlamvu lwemali emanzini, kuqinisekisa ukuthi uzobuyela eRoma, kanti ezimbili zisho ukuthi uzobuya futhi uthandane, kanti ezintathu zisho ukuthi uzobuya, uthandane futhi ushade. Kukhona nesisho esithi uma upheqa uhlamvu lwemali: uzobuyela eRoma. Uma upheqa izinhlamvu zemali ezimbili: uzothandana nomNtaliyane obukekayo. Uma upheqa izinhlamvu zemali ezintathu: uzoshada nanoma ubani ohlangana naye. Ukuze ufinyelele umphumela oyifunayo, kufanele uphonsa uhlamvu lwemali ngesandla sakho sokunene phezu kwehlombe lakho kwesokunxele. Noma ngabe yini oyithembayo lapho upheqa uhlamvu lwemali, luzame ngenkathi usohambeni e-Rome, kuyisipiliyoni sokuvakasha okufanele sikuhlole!

Amanye Amaqiniso Amancane Angaziwa Nge-Trevi Fountain eRoma

1. I-“Trevi” isho ukuthi “Tre Vie” (Izindlela Ezintathu)

Igama elithi “Trevi” lisho ukuthi “Tre Vie” futhi kuthiwa lisho ukuphambana kwemigwaqo emithathu eCrossroads Square. Kukhona futhi unkulunkulukazi odumile ogama lakhe lingu-Trivia. Uvikela imigwaqo yaseRoma futhi unamakhanda amathathu ukuze abone ukuthi kwenzekani eduze kwakhe. Wayelokhu emi ekhoneni lemigwaqo emithathu.

2. Umthombo Wokuqala We-Trevi Wawusebenza Ngokuphelele

NgeNkathi Ephakathi, imithombo yomphakathi yayisebenza kuphela. Banikeza abantu baseRoma amanzi okuphuza ahlanzekile emithonjeni yemvelo, futhi beza namabhakede emthonjeni ukuze bakha amanzi okugoduka nawo. Umthombo wokuqala we-Trevi waklanywa u-Leon Battista Alberti ngo-1453 endaweni yokugcina amanzi e-Aqua Virgo endala. Iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, loMthombo weTrevi uye wanikeza iRoma okuwukuphela kwawo amanzi ahlanzekile.

3. UNkulunkulu woLwandle kuloMthombo uhhayi iNeptune

Ingxenye emaphakathi yoMthombo weTrevi yi-Oceanus, unkulunkulu wolwandle wamaGreki. Ngokungafani ne-Neptune, enama-trident namahlengethwa, i-Oceanus ihambisana ne-half-human, i-half-merman seahorse kanye ne-Triton. U-Salvi usebenzisa uphawu ukuze abone ngeso lengqondo indaba emanzini. Ihhashi elingaphumuli kwesokunxele, i-Triton ekhathazekile, limelela ulwandle olugubhayo. I-Triton, ehola ihhashi elizolile, iwulwandle oluzolile. U-Agripha ngakwesobunxele muningi futhi usebenzisa ivazi ewile njengomthombo wamanzi, kuyilapho iVirgo kwesokudla ifanekisela impilo namanzi njengokudla.

4. Izinhlamvu zemali zokushweleza konkulunkulu (kanye nabakhi)

Ukuphuzwa kwamanzi kuhambisana nohlamvu lwemali emthonjeni ukuze kuqinisekiswe hhayi nje ukubuya okusheshayo kodwa okuphephile eRoma. Lesi siko saqala kumaRoma asendulo, ayenikela ngohlamvu lwemali emachibini nasemifuleni ukuze ashweleze konkulunkulu futhi abasize bafike ekhaya bephephile. Abanye bathi isiko lisukela emizamweni yakuqala yokusebenzisa i-crowdfunding ukumboza izindleko zesondlo.

5. I-Trevi Fountain Ikhiqiza u-€3000 Ngosuku

I-Wikipedia ilinganisela ukuthi ama-euro angama-3,000 aphonswa esifisweni esihle nsuku zonke. Izinhlamvu zemali ziqoqwa njalo ebusuku futhi zinikelwe ezinhlanganweni ezisiza abampofu, inhlangano yase-Italy ebizwa ngokuthi i-Caritas. Bayisebenzisa kuphrojekthi yesuphamakethe, banikeze amakhadi okushajwa kabusha kulabo abadinga usizo eRome ukuze babasize bathenge igrosa. Izibalo ezithokozisayo ukuthi izinhlamvu zemali ezingabiza ama-euro ayisigidi zikhishwa emthonjeni minyaka yonke. Le mali isetshenziselwe ukweseka izinkinga kusukela ngo-2007.

6. I-Trevi Fountain Ezinkondlweni Nasefilimini

U-Nathaniel Hawthorne wabhala nge-Marble Faun yaseTrevi Fountain. I-Fountains ibonakale kumafilimu afana ne-"Coins in the Fountain" nethi "Roman Holiday" edlala u-Audrey Hepburn noGregory Peck. Mhlawumbe isigcawu esibonakala kakhulu seTrevi Fountain sivela eDolce Vita no-Anita Ekberg kanye no-Marcello Mastroianni. Eqinisweni, lo mthombo wavalwa futhi wafakwa ku-crepe emnyama ukuhlonipha umlingisi uMarcello Mastroianni, owashona ngo-1996.

Ulwazi Olwengeziwe:

Iyini i-Baroque Architecture?

I-Baroque Architecture, isitayela sezakhiwo esaqala e-Italy ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-16, futhi saqhubeka ngekhulu le-18 kwezinye izifunda, ikakhulukazi iJalimane kanye neNingizimu Melika yamakoloni. Yasuka ku-Counter-Reformation lapho iSonto LamaKatolika lethula isikhalo esingokomzwelo nesithinta inkanuko kumakholwa ngobuciko nezakhiwo. Izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zepulani lesitezi sesakhiwo, ngokuvamile ezisekelwe kuma-ellipses kanye nezikhala eziguquguqukayo zokuphikiswa nokungena zisiza ekuthuthukiseni umuzwa wokunyakaza kanye nenkanuko. Ezinye izici zifaka phakathi ubuhle, idrama, nokugqama (ikakhulukazi uma kuziwa ekukhanyeni), okugobile, futhi okuvamise ukucwazimula okucebile, ama-elementi asontekile, nemifanekiso ekhazimulayo. Abadwebi bezakhiwo bafaka imibala egqamile ngokungangabazeki kanye nophahla lwe-ethereal, olucacile. Odokotela abavelele base-Italy bahlanganisa uGian Lorenzo Bernini, uCarlo Maderno, uFrancesco Borromini noGuarino Guarini. Izakhi zasendulo zehlise ukwakheka kwe-French Baroque. EYurophu Ephakathi, iBaroque yafika sekwephuzile kodwa yachuma emsebenzini wabadwebi bezakhiwo abafana no-Austrian uJohann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach. Ithonya layo eNgilandi lingabonakala emsebenzini kaChristopher Wren out. IBaroque Yakamuva ivame ukubizwa ngeRococo, noma eSpain naseSpain America, njengeChurrigueresque.

Uma unentshisekelo ngomthombo we-Trevi Fountain e-Rome, ungaba nomthombo omncane we-Trevi Fountain ekhaya lakho noma engadini yakho. Njengemboni yokuqopha imabula echwepheshile, senze kabusha usayizi omncane weTrevi Fountain kumakhasimende ethu amaningi. Uma uyidinga, ungasithinta noma kunini. Singukuthengisa okuqondile kwefekthri, okuzoqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezindleko eziphezulu kanye nentengo evumayo.