Mingaki le mifanekiso engu-10 oyaziyo emhlabeni ?Ngobukhulu obuthathu, imifanekiso eqoshiwe (Izithombe eziqoshiwe) inomlando omude nesiko kanye nokugcinwa okucebile kwezobuciko. Imabula, ithusi, ukhuni nezinye izinto ziyaqoshwa, zibazwe, futhi zibazwe ukuze kwakhiwe izithombe zobuciko ezibonakalayo nezibambekayo ezinendawo ethile, ezibonisa ukuphila komphakathi futhi ziveze imizwa yobuhle yamaciko , Ukubonakaliswa kobuciko kwemibono yobuhle.Ukuthuthukiswa kwesithombe esiqoshiwe saseNtshonalanga ubuciko bube neziqongo ezintathu, buveza isithombe esigcwele sobuciko ngendlela esibazi ngayo. Yafinyelela isiqongo sayo sokuqala eGrisi naseRoma lasendulo. Isibalo esiphezulu kwakunguPhidias, kuyilapho iRenaissance yase-Italy yaba isiqongo sesibili. Ngokungangabazeki uMichelangelo wayengumuntu ophakeme wale nkathi. Ngekhulu le-19, iFrance yayingenxa ye-Rodin's Achievement futhi ingena esiqongweni sesithathu.Ngemva kukaRodin, umdwebo waseNtshonalanga wangena enkathini entsha-inkathi yezithombe eziqoshiwe zesimanje. Abadwebi bezithombe bazama ukususa amaketango ezithombe eziqoshiwe zasendulo, basebenzise izindlela ezintsha zokukhuluma, futhi baphishekele imiqondo emisha.

Kulezi zinsuku, singabonisa ukudalwa kobuciko kanye nempumelelo yenkathi ngayinye ngomlando we-panoramic wobuciko bezithombe, futhi lezi zithombe eziqoshiwe ezingu-10 kufanele zaziwe.

1

I-Nefertiti Bust

I-Bust of Nefertiti yisithombe esipendiwe esineminyaka engu-3,300 ubudala esenziwe nge-limestone nokhonkolo. Isithombe esiqoshwe nguNefertiti, uMfazi Omkhulu Wasebukhosini kaFaro waseGibhithe lasendulo u-Akhenaten. Ngokuvamile kukholakala ukuthi lesi sithombe saqoshwa umqophi uThutmose ngo-1345 BC.

I-Bust ye-Nefertiti isibe ngesinye sezithombe ezihlonishwa kakhulu zaseGibhithe lasendulo ngemikhiqizo eminingi. Iwumbukiso wenkanyezi waseBerlin Museum futhi ithathwa njengenkomba yobuhle yamazwe ngamazwe. Isithombe sikaNefertiti sichazwa njengenye yemisebenzi yobuciko ehlonishwa kakhulu kwezobuciko basendulo, uma kuqhathaniswa ne-mask yaseTutankhamun.

“Lo mfanekiso ubonisa owesifazane onentamo ende, amashiya amahle amise okukamnsalo, izihlathi eziphakeme, ikhala elizacile elide nezindebe ezibomvu emamatheka ngendlela emangalisayo. Kwenza uNefertiti umsebenzi wobuciko wasendulo. Omunye wabesifazane abahle kakhulu. "

Ikhona kumnyuziyamu entsha e-Museum Island e-Berlin.

2

Unkulunkulukazi Wokunqoba eSamothrace

Unkulunkulukazi wokunqoba eSamothrace, isifanekiso semabula, ubude buka-328 cm. Kuwumsebenzi wokuqala wesithombe esiqoshiwe esidumile esasinda enkathini yamaGreki asendulo. Ithathwa njengengcebo eyivelakancane futhi umbhali akakwazi ukuhlolwa.

Uyinhlanganisela yezithombe eziqinile nezithambile ezenzelwe ukukhumbula ukunqotshwa kukaDemetrius, umnqobi weSamothrace empini yasendulo yemikhumbi yempi yamaGreki, ngokumelene nemikhumbi yenkosi uPtolemy yaseGibhithe. Cishe ngo-190 BC, ukuze kwamukelwe amakhosi namasosha anqobile, lesi sithombe samiswa phambi kwethempeli laseSamothrace. Ebhekene nomoya wolwandle, unkulunkulukazi welula amaphiko akhe amahle, njengokungathi usezogona amaqhawe afika ogwini. Ikhanda nezingalo zalesi sithombe zicwiyiwe, kodwa umzimba wakhe omuhle usengambulwa ngezingubo ezincanyana kanye nokugoqwa, okukhazimula amandla. Sonke isifanekiso sinomoya onamandla, obonisa ngokugcwele ingqikithi yaso futhi ushiya isithombe esingasoze salibaleka.

I-Louvre ekhona eParis ingenye yamagugu amathathu eLouvre.

3

U-Aphrodite waseMilos

I-Aphrodite yaseMilos, eyaziwa nangokuthi iVenus enengalo Ephukile. Kubhekwa njengesifanekiso esihle kunazo zonke phakathi kwezithombe zesifazane zamaGreki kuze kube manje. U-Aphrodite ungunkulunkulukazi wothando nobuhle emlandweni wasendulo wamaGreki, futhi ungomunye wonkulunkulu abayishumi nambili base-Olympus. U-Aphrodite akayena nje unkulunkulukazi wezocansi, futhi ungunkulunkulukazi wothando nobuhle emhlabeni.

I-Aphrodite inomfanekiso ophelele nokubukeka kwabesifazane basendulo abangamaGreki, efanekisela uthando nobuhle besifazane, futhi ibhekwa njengophawu oluphakeme kakhulu lobuhle bomzimba besifazane. Kuyingxube yobuhle nokukhangayo. Konke ukuziphatha kwakhe kanye nolimi lwakhe kufanelekile ukugcinwa nokusebenzisa imodeli engu-A, kodwa ngeke imele ubumsulwa besifazane.

Ukuthi izingalo ezilahlekile zikaVenus Nezikhali Eziphukile ekuqaleni zazibukeka kanjani sekuyindaba engaqondakali enentshisekelo enkulu kumaciko nosomlando. Lesi sithombe esiqoshiwe sikhona eLouvre eParis, okungenye yamagugu amathathu.

4

UDavide

Isithombe sikaDonatello sethusi esithi “David” (c. 1440) siwumsebenzi wokuqala wokuvuselela isiko lasendulo lezithombe ezinqunu.

Emfanekisweni lo, lesi sibalo saseBhayibhelini asiselona uphawu lomqondo, kodwa sekuyimpilo ephilayo, yenyama negazi. Ukusetshenziswa kwezithombe ezinqunu ukuze kuvezwe izithombe zenkolo nokugcizelela ubuhle benyama kubonisa ukuthi lo msebenzi unokubaluleka okuyingqopha-mlando.

Lapho kubusa inkosi yakwa-Israyeli uHerode ekhulwini le-10 BC, amaFilisti ahlasela. Kwakukhona iqhawe eligama layo linguGoliyati, elalingamafidi angu-8 ubude futhi lihlome ngekhanda elikhulu. Ama-Israyeli awazange alokothe ​​alwe izinsuku ezingu-40. Ngolunye usuku, uDavid osemusha wavakashela umfowabo owayesebuthweni lezempi. Wezwa ukuthi uGoliyathi wayegagamela futhi elimaza ukuzethemba kwakhe. Waphikelela ngokuthi iNkosi uHerode ivume ihlazo layo ukuba iphume iyobulala ama-Israyeli kuGoliyathi. UHerode akakwazanga ukukucela. Ngemva kokuba uDavide ephumile, wabhonga washaya uGoliyati ekhanda ngomshini wendwayimana. Umdondoshiya owayemangele wawa phansi, uDavide wahosha inkemba yakhe ebukhali wanquma ikhanda likaGoliyati. UDavide uvezwa njengomalusi omuhle emfanekisweni, egqoke isigqoko sokwelusa, ephethe inkemba esandleni sakhe sokunene, futhi enyathela ikhanda likaGoliyati elisikiwe ngaphansi kwezinyawo zakhe. Ubuso bakhe bukhululekile futhi kubonakala sengathi uyaziqhenya .

UDonatello (Donatello 1386-1466) wayeyisizukulwane sokuqala sabaculi be-Early Renaissance e-Italy kanye nomqophi ovelele wekhulu le-15. Lo mfanekiso manje uku-Bargello Gallery eFlorence, e-Italy.

5

UDavide

Umfanekiso "kaDavide" wadalwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16. Lesi sithombe siphakeme ngamamitha angu-3.96. Kungumsebenzi omele uMichelangelo, uchwepheshe wezithombe zeRenaissance. Ithathwa njengesinye sezithombe zabantu besilisa eziqhosha kakhulu emlandweni wobuciko baseNtshonalanga. Umfanekiso kaMichelangelo wekhanda likaDavid waphenduka kancane ngakwesobunxele ngaphambi kwempi, amehlo akhe ethe njo esitheni, isandla sakhe sobunxele sibambe indwayi ehlombe, isandla sokudla sigoge ngokwemvelo, izibhakela zakhe zigoqeke kancane, ukubonakala kwakhe kwakuzolile, okubonisa ukuzola kukaDavid. , isibindi nokuqiniseka kokunqoba. Ikhona eFlorence Academy of Fine Arts.

6

Isithombe senkululeko

I-Statue of Liberty (Statue Of Liberty), esaziwa nangokuthi Liberty Enlightening The World (Inkululeko Ekhanyisa Umhlaba), iyisipho seminyaka eyi-100 yeFrance eya e-United States ngo-1876. Isithombe Senkululeko saqedwa umdwebi odumile waseFrance u-Bartholdi. eminyakeni engu-10. I-Lady Liberty igqoke izingubo zasendulo zesitayela samaGreki, futhi umqhele awugqokayo ufanekisela izinsika eziyisikhombisa zamazwekazi ayisikhombisa nezilwandle ezine zomhlaba.

Unkulunkulukazi uphethe isibani esifanekisela inkululeko esandleni sakhe sokunene, futhi isandla sakhe sobunxele siphethe “Isimemezelo Sokuzimela” esaqoshwa ngo-July 4, 1776, futhi ngaphansi kwezinyawo zakhe kukhona ozankosi abaphukile, izibopho namaketanga. Ufanekisela inkululeko futhi agqashule emigomeni yobushiqela. Yaqedwa futhi yembulwa ngo-Okthoba 28, 1886. Isakhiwo sangaphakathi sesithombe sensimbi esakhiwe saklanywa uGustave Eiffel, owakha kamuva i-Eiffel Tower eParis. I-Statue of Liberty ingamamitha angu-46 ukuphakama, isisekelo esingamamitha angu-93 futhi sinesisindo samathani angu-225. Ngo-1984, i-Statue of Liberty yabhalwa njengefa lamasiko omhlaba.

7

Umcabangi

"Umcabango" ubumba indoda enamandla esebenzayo. Umdondoshiya wawugobile, amadolo egobile, isandla saso sokudla sibeke esilevini saso, sithule sibuka le nhlekelele eyenzeka ngezansi. Ukubuka kwakhe okujulile kanye nesenzo sokuluma isibhakela ngezindebe zakhe kwabonisa umoya obuhlungu kakhulu. Umfanekiso oqoshiwe unqunu, unokhalo olugobe kancane. Isandla sobunxele sibekwe ngokwemvelo edolweni lesokunxele, umlenze wesokudla usekela ingalo yesokudla, futhi isandla sokudla sikhishwa esifanekisweni sesilevu esinomugqa ocijile. Isibhakela esigoqiwe sicindezelwa ezindebeni. Ifaneleka kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, imisipha yakhe iqhuma ngenxa yokwethuka, iveza imigqa egcwele. Yize isithombe salo mfanekiso sisabonakala sikhombisa ukuthi wenza umsebenzi oshisa izikhotha ngenkulumo enesizotha.

I-“The Thinker” iyimodeli yesistimu yonke yemisebenzi ka-Auguste Rodin. Futhi kuwukubonakaliswa kanye nokubonakaliswa komkhuba wakhe wobuciko bemilingo. Kuphinde kube yinkomba yokwakhiwa kwakhe nokuhlanganiswa komcabango womuntu wobuciko-Isistimu yemicabango yobuciko kaRodin Ubufakazi.

8

Inja yebhaluni

UJeff Koons (uJeff Koons) ungumculi odumile waseMelika. Ngo-2013, inja yakhe yebhaluni (iwolintshi) yenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali eboshiwe ekhanyayo, futhi uChristie wakwazi ukusetha inani lerekhodi lamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-58.4. U-Koons uphinde wadala ezinye izinguqulo ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, omagenta, obomvu nokuphuzi.

9

isicabucabu

Umsebenzi odumile othi “Spider” kaLuis Bourgeois ungaphezu kwamamitha angama-30 ubude. Okuhlaba umxhwele wukuthi lo mfanekiso omkhulu wezicabucabu uhlobene nomama walo mculi obelungisa umata. Manje, izithombe eziqoshiwe zesicabucabu esizibonayo, ezibonakala zintekenteke, imilenze emide, zivikela ngesibindi amaqanda e-marble angama-26, njengokungathi azowela phansi ngokushesha, kodwa futhi avuse ngempumelelo ukwesaba komphakathi, izicabucabu ukubukeka kwazo okuphindaphindiwe Izindikimba zifaka isicabucabu esiqoshiwe ku. 1996. Lesi sithombe esiqoshiwe sitholakala eGuggenheim Museum eBilbao. U-Luis Bourgeois wake wathi: Umuntu omdala, uhlakaniphile.

10

Terracotta Warriors

Ubani owadala i-Terracotta Warriors namahhashi we-Qin Shihuang? Kulinganiselwa ukuthi ayikho impendulo, kodwa ithonya layo ezizukulwaneni zakamuva zobuciko lisekhona nanamuhla futhi seliphenduke imfashini.